Umshini Wokuqhumisa Ithuluzi Lomshini Wokudubula Umshini Wokudubula

Umshini wokuqhumisa ithuluzi lomshini wokudubula ucezu lokudubula
Izingxenye eziyinhloko nemisebenzi yehuku{0}}ngomshini wokuqhumisa wamathuluzi omshini wokuqhumisa isiqephu.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza yamathuluzi omshini wokulingisa, ukuhlanza ukuqhuma kwesibhamu kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile esixhuma isinyathelo sangaphambilini nesinyathelo esilandelayo. Izingcezu zokuphonsa ezifana nombhede, itafula lokusebenza, kanye nekholomu yethuluzi lomshini ngokuvamile zinesanti esele, isikali se-oxide, nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ngemva kwenqubo yokususa isihlabathi. Ihuku{2}}ngomshini wokuqhumisa isibhamu isisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuxazulula lezi zinkinga.
Ihlukile kwendabuko evundlile noma{0}}imishini yokudubula yohlobo lwethrekhi, lolu hlobo lwesisetshenziswa luklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukulingisa amathuluzi omshini asindayo, amakhulu, futhi anomumo ongavamile. Izici eziyinhloko "ngo-uhlobo" kanye "nehuku-i-bearing". Nakhu ukuhlaziya okujulile okusekelwe ezimisweni zedizayini yezimboni kanye nesakhiwo semishini:
1. Umshini oqhumisayo wethuluzi lomshini - Izingxenye ezibalulekile
Umshini oqhumisayo akuwona umshini wokuhlanza olula, kodwa isistimu ezenzakalelayo ehlanganisa ukuthutha ngomshini,{0}}ukuqhunyiswa kwesivinini esikhulu, ukujikeleza kwesihlabathi kanye nempushana, kanye nokususwa kothuli lokuvikela imvelo. Yakhiwa ikakhulukazi amamojula amahlanu abalulekile alandelayo:
1. -Ukumiswa komsebenzi osindayo kanye nesistimu yokudlulisa
Ukwakheka: okuhlanganisa-i-bearing I{1}}ithrekhi ye-beam, i-electric hoist, inqola ehambayo, kanye{2}}nokuhlanganiswa kwehhuku lokudlidliza.
Ukuqamba okusha okusebenzayo:
{0}Ngokwakheka kohlobo: Ithrekhi ivamise ukugijima egumbini lokuhlanza, yenze isakhiwo somugqa "sokulayisha ngaphambili, ukuhlanzwa okuphakathi, ukuthulula okungemuva". Ukuze uthole umzila wokuqondisa wamathuluzi omshini ongafika kumamitha angu-6-8 ubude, amahhuku amaningi angasebenza ngokuqhubekayo, ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu.
Ukuvikela ukusakaza: Isistimu yehuku ivamise ukuhlonyiswa ngedivayisi yokumiswa eguquguqukayo kanye nendlela yokuzungeza yokwehlisa amandla. Lokhu akukhona nje ukuphakamisa amafreyimu ombhede asindayo kuphela, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, phakathi nenqubo yokuqhuma, ngokushayela ihhuku kancane ngokunyakaza okuyindilinga (ngokuvamile okungu-1.5-6 r/min) ngenjini eshintshashintshayo, izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana namareyili angumhlahlandlela nezindiza zokufaka zihlanzwa ngokufanayo ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo obangelwa amaphrojekthi aqoqiwe.
2. Igumbi lokuhlanza eliqhumayo: Lesi yindawo evalekile lapho ukudubula kanye nendawo yokusebenza "kulwa".
Ukwakheka: isakhiwo sebhokisi elenziwe-ngensimbi yemanganese ephezulu (njenge-Mn13), elinamapuleti avikelayo aphakathi nendawo.
Ukuqamba okusha okusebenzayo:
Idizayini ye-anti-yokudubula{1}}ngaphandle kwelebhu: Njengoba "inga-ngohlobo", iziphetho zegumbi zineziteshi zehuku kanye nendawo yokusebenza ukuze kungene futhi kuphume. Lapha, kunezendlalelo eziningi zamakhethini enjoloba okuvala uphawu kanye nesakhiwo sensimbi se-labyrinth sealing, esivumela ucezu lokusebenza ukuthi ludlule kuyilapho kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukubuya nokuchaphazeka-kokuphuma kwesivinini esikhulu (isivinini esingafika ku-70-80 m/s) ngaphandle, kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza.
Ukwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo: Uma kucatshangelwa ukushuba okungalingani kodonga lokusakazwa kwamathuluzi omshini, okokusebenza kokudubula kuhlelwe phezulu, ohlangothini, nangaphansi kwegumbi. Lesi sakhiwo sama-engeli amaningi-siqinisekisa ukuthi ishothi lingashaya ngokulinganayo imigodi engaphakathi, izimbambo, nokunye okunzima{2}}ukuhlanza{3}}izingxenye zokulingisa.
3.-Ukuhlanganiswa kokuqhuma kwesibhamu ngokuphumelelayo: Ingxenye eyinhloko enquma ikhwalithi yokuhlanza nokusebenza kahle.
Ukwakheka: kufaka phakathi umzimba we-impeller, isondo lokuhlukanisa, umkhono oqondisayo, ama-blades, kanye ne-drive motor.
4. Ukusatshalaliswa kwesihlabathi nempushana kanye nohlelo lokuhlanza: okubophezelekile ekutholeni, ukuhlola, nokusebenzisa kabusha isibhamu.
Ukwakheka: isikulufu (ukudlidliza) isihambisi, isikheshi sebhakede, isihlukanisi somoya wamakhethini esigcwele (ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe), isihlukanisi sokulawula isibhamu.
Ukuqamba okusha okusebenzayo:
Ukuhlukaniswa komoya wamakhethini okugcwele: Ingxube yesihlabathi etholiwe ithunyelwa phezulu ngekheshi, yakha iyunifomu "yekhethini lesihlabathi". Ukugeleza komoya okukhiqizwa yi-fan kudlula ekhethini, ngenxa yomehluko wesisindo phakathi kwama-projectiles (asindayo) kanye nothuli kanye nempushana (ukukhanya), ukungcola kudonswa epayipini lokususa uthuli, kuyilapho ama-projectile aqinile ewela ku-hopper ukuze agaywe kabusha. Le nqubo ingaqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwesihlabathi esithombeni kungaphansi kuka-1%, ukuvimbela ipayipi lesanding ukuthi livaleke.
Idizayini yokulwa-nokuvala: Phansi kwesikulufu sokutakula, isikrini sisethwe ukuze sinqande izinsalela ezinkulu njengezimpukane nama-core bones ukuthi angangeni kwikheshi futhi abangele ukugcwala.
5. Uhlelo lokususa uthuli lokuvikela imvelo: ukuqinisekisa indawo yokukhiqiza ehlanzekile.
Ukwakheka: isihlukanisi se-cyclone (isiteji sokuqala) kanye ne-pulse reverse-blow bag dust collector (isiteji sesibili).
Ukuqamba okusha okusebenzayo:
Ukuhlunga kwesiteji-kwesibili: Igesi engcolile evela egumbini lokuhlanza imuncwa epayipini, kuqala kusetshenziswa amandla aphakathi nendawo ukuze kuxazululwe izinhlansi ezinkulu zezinhlansi noma uthuli, bese kuba ngesikhwama ukuze kunqandwe uthuli oluwusayizi we-micrometer{1}}. I-Pulse reverse blowing: Ukusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe ukubuyisela emuva ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ngokushesha{3}}ukushanela izikhwama, ukukhipha uthuli olunqwabelene nokugcina ukusebenza kahle kokususa uthuli (ngokuvamile kufika ku-99.9%), ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuvikela imvelo - 2.
II. Izinzuzo Ezisebenzayo Zokusakaza Kwethuluzi Lomshini (Umbono Wangempela)
Ngemva kokwethula izingxenye, singabuka inani lale misebenzi ngombono othize "wokwenziwa kwamathuluzi omshini":
Ukuxazulula inkinga "yamakhona afile ekukhishweni kwesihlabathi": Isakhiwo sokubunjwa kwamathuluzi omshini siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi amapayipi okudlula uwoyela namapuleti ezimbambo ajwayele ukubamba isihlabathi. Ngokusebenzisa-isakhiwo sedivayisi eqhumayo ye-angle shot yomshini ohambayo we-hook kanye{2}}nokuzungezisa kwakho ucezu lokusebenza, izinhlayiya eziqhumayo zingangena yonke indawo "njengoketshezi", ukuhlanza kahle amakhona afile.
Ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe: Akukhona nje ukuhlanza; amandla-aqhuma amashothi esivinini aphezulu kulingana nokwelashwa "kokuqinisa okubandayo" kwendawo yokulingisa. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubulukhuni bendawo yomhlahlandlela wethuluzi lomshini, kuthuthukise ukumelana nokukhathala, futhi kunwebe impilo yesevisi yethuluzi lomshini.
III. Isifinyezo Somshini Wokuqhumisa Wethuluzi Lomshini
Ihuku lokuhamba{0}}ngohlobo lomshini wokudubula wamathuluzi wokudubula iyisistimu eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa imishini, ugesi, umoya, nothuli. Iqaphela ukuzungeza okushelelayo kwezingcezu zokusebenzela ezinzima ngohlelo lokudlulisa ihhuku lokuhamba, iqeda ukuqinisa indawo ngemishini yokudubula ephumelelayo, inciphisa izindleko zempahla ngokuthembela ohlelweni lokuhlanza kabusha, futhi ekugcineni izuze ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza ngohlelo lokususa uthuli. Emabhizinisini okukhiqiza amathuluzi omshini, kuyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile senqubo yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokubukeka kokusakazwa, ukunamathela kokufuthwa okulandelayo, kanye nokuqedwa kwengcindezi yangaphakathi.